August 2016: extreme VHF tropo (F, HRV, BIH, I) – part I

August 2016 started with a cold and rainy weather, which continued for more than half of the month. It had some advantages though, as the radio band was clear of tropo signals during peak of the Perseids. Thankfully, the end of August was much more exciting and brought a superior tropospheric ducting propagation conditions. It started with distant Germany, Denmark, Sweden, AustriaFrance and then, after three days, moved more into central Europe, to a completely unexpected set of countries: Slovenia, CroatiaBosnia and Herzegovina and… ITALY!

Long range tropospheric ducting was lasting this time for 6 days – starting from August 23 until Sunday, August 28. Because of a very high amount of notable DX receptions, this article describes only the first three days of this awesome tropo opening.


August 23/24, night – Niedersachsen

The first signs of an elevated tropo ducting appeared around 23 UTC on August 23. All forecast were full of colorful ducting shades, but it ended up just with some fair signals from Steinkimmen and Cuxhaven.

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All signals faded quickly away, so I went to sleep.

UTC Freq Station Location ERP QRB Remarks
2353 105.7 Antenne Niedersachsen Steinkimmen 100 760 D389 ANTENNE_ 30dBf
2354 104.6 Antenne Niedersachsen Cuxhaven Otterndorf 20 737 [1st]
2355 101.6 Deutschlandfunk Cuxhaven Otterndorf 2 737 //97.7 [1st]
2355 107.7 Deutschlandradio Kultur Cuxhaven Otterndorf 20 737 28dBf
2356 102.6 Radio ffn Cuxhaven Otterndorf 20 737 D388 __ffn___ 31dBf
0002 95.9 NDR 2 Visselhövede 5 685 16dBf


August 24, morning – Bavaria

I was expecting Norway to appear in the early morning, as forecasts suggested, but without any success. A bit later, around 7 UTC I noticed another German signal on 105.7 which led me to change the antenna direction. Of course it was B5 aktuell from Wendelstein, a famous transmitter in the Bavarian Alps. It peaked to RDS level, together with Bayern 2 and Bayern 3 from the same location.

All tropo forecasts were still very overrated… or maybe in fact there was a strong propagation in higher bands, eg. UHF? I guess the inversion layer was too thin for the lower VHF bands, as some Wendelstein frequencies were coming at O=4+…5-, while others were barely audible in noise. Anyway, this happens quite often within 88-108 MHz – the higher frequency, the higher signal level, despite the same ERP.

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In next 30 minutes the ducting path extended to Grünten @ 876 km. Few minutes before 10 UTC all distant locations were gone, except a closer Chemnitz @ 524 km with RDS.

UTC Freq Station Location ERP QRB Remarks
0704 89.5 Bayern 2 Wendelstein 100 774 D312 Bayern_2
0706 105.7 B5 aktuell Wendelstein 100 774 D315 B5_akt__
0718 98.5 Bayern 3 Wendelstein 100 774 D313 BAYERN_3 34dBf
0738 95.8 Bayern 3 Grünten (Allgäu) 100 876 //98.5
0754 88.7 Bayern 2 Grünten (Allgäu) 100 876 //89.5
0755 106.9 B5 aktuell Grünten (Allgäu) 100 876 //105.7 20dBf

August 24, afternoon – POL/CZE/D border

As the ducting path had shortened after the morning, I spent some time on recording Czech jingles and other audio snippets (dobrý den!) mostly from Ústí nad Labem – you can listen to them there. Chemnitz was still here since morning, with solid RDS signals. Besides the high power TXs, I noticed much weaker Radio Blanik 91.6 (only 1kW ERP, compared to 100kW from Ústí) in vertical polarization, which quickly reached RDS level. Few minutes past 16 UTC my semi-local 88.0 Radio 7 went down for a maintenance, so there was a chance for RDS reception of 88.1 Evropa2. It was too weak though.

I also logged Varnsdorf, Chomutov and Fichtelberg – three highly elevated locations, which always come via tropospheric ducting from this direction.

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August 24, early evening – DNK/S

The propagation was quite widespread. At some point I found strong 95.9 DR P4 at O=5 from Århus. Together with Denmark I logged also some Swedish (eg. 99.7 Guldkanalen with RDS) and German (mostly Schwerin and Rügen) stations. It seems that Göteborg and Borås-tx have been recently upgraded with a new antenna system set to vertical polarization. I heard 99.4 SR P3 only in V and in H-pol there was just a blank channel with noise.

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UTC Freq Station Location ERP QRB Remarks
1816 98.5 NDR 2 Schwerin – Rohrmast 100.0 565 D382 27dBf
1818 95.9 DR P4 Århus – Søsterhøj 60.3 731 9E02 DRP4OSTJ 32dBf
1829 88.6 NDR Info Garz (Rügen) 10.0 467 D384 NDR_Info 28dBf
1829 90.0 DR P3 Årsballe – Aarsballe By 55 30.0 428 9203 DR_P3___
1838 98.3 Radio 100 Århus S. – Skanderborg – Virring 2.0 738 jingle ID, 13dBf
1840 99.4 SR P3 Göteborg – Brudaremossen TM 60.0 749 V-pol only!
1840 105.2 NRJ Malmö – Limhamn-Packhusgatan 5.0 556  
1840 106.7 RIX FM Malmö – Limhamn-Packhusgatan 1.0 556  
1842 104.7 Mix Megapol Karlshamn – Karlshamnsverket 0.4 508 or Karlskrona?
1859 103.9 Radioactive Ystad – Hedeskoga Sopstation 0.5 505  
1859 99.7 Guldkanalen Skurup – Stjärnholm 1.0 524 6699 __GULD__ KANALEN_ 26dBf
1902 93.1 BKN Åkirkeby – Birgersvej 6 0.16 421  
1905 102.3 24syv København – Gladsaxe 60.0 588 9204 24syv___
1907 95.9 Retro FM Kävlinge – Europolitan RM 0.85 566  
1907 97.2 Radio 100 Glostrup – Ejby Mosevej 219 1.0 590  
1921 94.6 SR P2 Borås – Dalsjöfors-Häglared TM  10.0 712 V-pol only!
1924 100.0 Pop FM København – Gladsaxe 60.0 588 9206 _POP_FM_

August 24/25, evening and night – Baden-Württemberg!

Ducting from south-western directions strengthened in the evening. Radio Blanik on 91.6 reached 25dBf. In addition to Czech stations I also heard Salzburg and Bruck from Austria. The daytime path to Chemnitz expanded to Leipzig, Hoher Meißner, Brocken and Oschatz.

MDR Info is now called MDR Aktuell and MDR Figaro changed its name to MDR Kultur. I logged both, on 88.4 __MDR___ _KULTUR_ from Leipzig and 105.9 __MDR___ AKTUELL_ from Oschatz. I also found, surprisingly, 98.5 HRT HR-2 from Zagreb, but just a weak signal.

Best conditions occurred around 22-23 UTC, with the ducting path extended to Baden-Württemberg91.8 SWR 2 from Raichberg produced 32dBf signal at 898km. The D3A2 PI code was decoded after detuning to 91.775, because of a powerful Radio Merkury 91.9 in the same direction – almost 60dBf!

Similary, 100.6 DLF from Tuttlingen – Witthoh @ 932km, peaked once to the RDS-PI D210 decoding quality, up to 28dBf, but with R. Jasna Góra on the same frequency. After this, the tropo weakened and shortened again to Czech Republic and surroundings…

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UTC Freq Station Location ERP QRB Remarks
1929 104.6 FM 4 Salzburg – Gaisberg (ORS) 100 712 //web
1931 105.7 Antenne Steiermark Bruck (Mur) – Mugel 20 667 //web
1935 89.0 89.0 RTL Brocken 60 629  
1936 88.4 MDR Kultur Leipzig – Wierderau 100 537 D3C3 _KULTUR_
1937 89.5 hr3 Hoher Meißner 100 697 ///web
1938 91.5 MDR JUMP Brocken 100 629 91.520 D3C2 MDR_JUMP
1939 91.8 MDR JUMP Löbau – Schafberg 5 385 91.775 D3C2 MDR_JUMP
1939 92.8 MDR 1 Sachsen Chemnitz – Geyer 100 524 D5C1 MDR_SACH
1940 89.1 CRo Radiožurnál Plzeň – Krašov 89 546 232F R-ZURNAL
1940 101.7 CRo Dvojka Plzeň – Krašov 89 546 232E R-DVOJKA
1945 92.9 DR P3 Holstebro – Mejrup 60 831 18dBf
1946 99.7 SR P3 Emmaboda 60 537 E203 SR_P3___
1952 98.5 HRT-HR 2 Zagreb – Sljeme 120 794  
1958 105.2 Hitradio RTL Dresden – Wachwitz 100 443 105.225 D3C9 Hitr.RTL 30dBf
1959 105.4 Hitradio RTL Chemnitz – Geyer 100 524 D3C9 Hitr.RTL 32dBf
1959 105.6 Hitradio RTL Löbau – Schafberg 30 385 D3C9 Hitr.RTL 30dBf
2001 103.1 CRo Sever Chomutov – Jedlová 10 491  
2001 104.1 Frekvence 1 Plzeň – Krašov 72 546 2205 RADIO_F1 33dBf
2002 105.9 MDR Aktuell Oschatz – Collmberg 30 484 D3D5 AKTUELL_ 26dBf
2019 96.6 Deutschlandfunk Leipzig – Wierderau 100 537 D210 __DLF___ 30dBf
2019 106.9 Hitradio RTL Leipzig – Wierderau 100 537 106.925 D3C9 Hitr.RTL 31dBf
2052 97.0 Deutschlandfunk Chemnitz – Geyer 100 524 D210 __DLF___ over Zet Poznan
2113 103.7 MDR JUMP Oschatz – Collmberg 5 484 D3C2
2121 94.9 SWR2 Waldburg 60 892 //web
2140 91.6 Rádio Blaník Děčín – Děčínský Sněžník 1 437 2D3C _BLANIK_ 23dBf
2202 100.7 DKultur Freiberg – Niederschöna 1 471 full hour ID [1st]
2213 94.6 MDR S-A Brocken 60 629 D4D1 MDR_??AN mixing w/RMF FM
2221 107.3 SWR4 BW Raichberg 25 898 26dBf
2223 103.4 ANTENNE 1 Raichberg 50 898 //web
2243 102.9 KRONEHIT Semmering – Sonnwendstein 8 617 22dBf pol. V
2245 91.8 SWR2 Raichberg 40 898 91.775 D3A2 32dBf
2303 105.7 SWR2 Stuttgart – Degerloch 80 858 classics
2308 97.1 SWR3 Tuttlingen – Witthoh 40 932 //web
2317 100.6 Deutschlandfunk Tuttlingen – Witthoh 40 932 D210
2351 98.6 CRo Pardubice Ústí nad Orlicí – Andrlův Chlum 1 375 280C R-PCE___ 16dBf [1st]
0055 104.6 FM 4 Salzburg – Gaisberg (ORS) 100 712 A213 __FM4___ 31dBf
0111 103.7 MDR JUMP Oschatz – Collmberg 5 484 D3C2 MDR_JUMP 29dBf


August 25, morning – Aachen, Saarbrücken, Strasbourg!

I woke up quite late – few minutes before 8 UTC and long range ducting was already in progress. I quickly found 95.9 WDR 3 from Aachen @ 951 km (!) and the same px on 95.1 from Langenberg. I tried Belgium and the Netherlands but without any success. I also received some rare Bayern locations like Büttelberg, Dillberg and Hessen – Hardberg. A bit later, at 9 UTC I logged Donnersberg and Saarbrücken on 88.0SR 1 with 22dBf signal @ 962 km, so close to France!

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I was regularly watching Metz and Strasbourg (and Dudelange too!) frequencies and finally around 10:40 UTC I heard classical music on 95.0, matched with France Musique webstream. It produced up to 23dBf stereo signal, unfortunately without RDS as the signal was mixing with Radio Blanik or Radio Maryja, depending on the antenna direction. A double Körner 19.3 stack would be definitely helpful there. :D Nice to hear France again, after 4 years since last reception from this country, in 2012. The signal level was stronger this time so I attached a new audio recording in my log: Strasbourg – TDF Nordheim

france

Donnersberg increased its strength after 11 UTC. 99.1 SWR 1 produced PI D3A1 with a level up to 26dBf and slowly faded away. Just like a day before, the ducting path broke down in a halfway and I got again a strong 107.7 R.SA from Fichtelberg, without any signals from behind the Ore Mountains

There was something going on in the southern directions, as KRONEHIT 102.9 from Semmering was strong since the previous day evening.

UTC Freq Station Location ERP QRB Remarks
0755 95.1 WDR 3 Langenberg – Hordtberg 100 875 //95.9
0755 95.9 WDR 3 Aachen – Stolberg 20 951 //95.1
0811 99.3 Bayern 3 Büttelberg 25 745 vocal ID
0817 100.6 Antenne Bayern Dillberg 25 690 D318 ANTENNE_
0820 102.0 B5 aktuell Dillberg 25 690 102.025 D315
0822 92.7 hr3 Hardberg 50 835 //web
0839 97.9 Bayern 3 Dillberg 25 690 97.885 D313 BAYERN_3
0840 100.5 Life Radio Linz – Lichtenberg 100 609 A746 *_LIFE_*
0843 93.0 N-JOY Braunschweig – Drachenberg 40 610 D385 partial PS
0844 87.6 BR Klassik Dillberg 25 690 D314
0859 88.0 SR 1 Europawelle Göttelborner Höhe 100 962 saarbrucken ads 22dBf
0901 99.1 SWR1 RP Donnersberg 60 890  
0903 104.0 FM 4 Linz – Lichtenberg 100 609 104.015 A213 __FM4___ 31dBf
0953 94.6 MDR S-A Brocken 60 629 D4D1 MDR_S-AN 40dBf over RMF
1004 91.3 SR 2 Kultur Göttelborner Höhe 100 962 //web
1011 101.4 Radio SAW Brocken 100 629 D3D9 _S_A_W__
1026 101.1 SWR3 Donnersberg 60 890 //web
1043 95.0 France Musique Strasbourg – TDF Nordheim 50 970 //web ~20dBf
1117 99.1 SWR1 RP Donnersberg 60 890 D3A1 26dBf
1232 102.9 KRONEHIT Semmering – Sonnwendstein 8 617 A3FF KRONEHIT
1243 107.7 R.SA Fichtelberg – Erzgebirge 2 529 29dBf
1337 99.1 Antenne Steiermark Graz – Schöckl 80 674  


August 25, afternoon, evening & night – DNK/S/D/AUT

When I rotated my antenna to Denmark and Sweden in the afternoon, I immediately found many low or medium power TXs. The most distinct one is definitely 91.8 Rado Nova, listed only as 0.01kW ERP at 597 km. As far as I read, some commercial stations push much more watts than permitted in the radio licenses, so I can’t be sure if it is really 1W.

I received one unlisted station – RIX FM 93.2. The AF list points to the area between Lund (near Malmö) and Kisa (near Linköping) as presented on the map. A bit later I heard a distorted remake of Toto – Africa, so I am pretty sure this transmitter rebroadcasts other RIX FM frequency and tropo hijacked the feed. The frequency list on RIX FM website doesn’t include 93.2 MHz. 

932rix_af

I attenuated my local 98.1 PR 2 (2.5kW ERP @ 33km, see the map below) in an opposite polarization and under it I found… Swedish language! I initially thought it is Radio Nybro from Emmaboda, but I’m not sure now, as there is also another transmitter of Värnamo Närradio which fits within the ducting area. Signal up to ~21dBf.

In the evening all signals intensified even more, also with some closer German stations near border (Löbau, Cottbus, Berlin). The most interesting stations are presented in a following table and can be heard on the merged video below. It is worth mentioning that I received SR stations again from GöteborgBorås and additionally Jönköping – only in vertical polarization.

In the late evening I found 95.2 Radio Oberösterreich in a deep null of my local Radio Eska on the same frequency (6 km, in an opposite polarization, with full line of sight!). It eventually reached much better signal level in the early morning which allowed RDS decoding!! Absolutely outstanding.

The following video shows OOE in H-pol (Antenna A) and my local Radio Eska in V-pol (Antenna B, up to 81dBf when the 2×9-el stack is pointed exactly at transmitter). By the way, I detuned the frequency to 95.185 because of a strong RMF FM 95.3 from Opole in the same direction.

UTC Freq Station Location ERP QRB Remarks
1400 93.0 myROCK Hvalsø – Lerbjergvej 1 612 [1st]
1412 107.1 Din Radio Greve Strand – Hundige Centervej 4 0.5 588 9729 22dBf
1419 106.1 Rockklassiker Malmö – Västra Varvsgatan 34 2.5 555 E2A0 ROCK____ [1st]
1419 107.4 Mix Megapol Malmö – Västra Varvsgatan 34 0.05 555 jingle ID
1501 104.7 Guldkanalen Karlebo – Kokkedal 2 600 6699 __GULD__ 25dBf
1634 103.1 Rockklassiker Visby – Follingbo TM 0.5 565 E2A0 ROCK____ 26dBf
1635 106.1 Mix Megapol Visby – Follingbo TM 6 565 28dBf E243 MEGAPOL_
1636 105.8 Mix Megapol Växjö – Östregård Hollstorp 7 570 E243 MEGAPOL_ 31dBf
1638 107.5 Mix Megapol Växjö – Östregård Hollstorp 2 570 //105.8 [1st]
1639 107.7 Mix Megapol Ronneby – Kallinge VT 0.1 498  
1640 104.6 Mix Megapol Gnosjö – Gamlebo Europolitan 3.0 651 E243 MEGAPOL_ overdeviating
1645 105.7 B5 aktuell Wendelstein 100 774 D315 32dBf
1646 106.9 MDR Aktuell Görlitz – Jauernick 1 372 28dBf
1647 104.6 104.6 RTL Berlin – Alexanderplatz 10 429 D42A 104.6RTL 40dBf
1656 95.0 Radio Soft Farum – Rugmarken 25 4 599 972A __SOFT__ 30dBf
1657 92.7 myROCK København– Overdrevsvej 12 2 600 9624 _myROCK_ 26dBf
1659 106.7 RIX FM Malmö – Limhamn-Packhusgatan 1 556 E241 _RIX_FM_ 32dBf
1700 104.9 The Voice Brøndby – Kirkebjerg Alle 92 A 2 588 9619 THEVOICE 30dBf
1700 105.2 NRJ Malmö – Limhamn-Packhusgatan 5 556 E220 NRJ_____ 35dBf
1701 99.7 Guldkanalen Skurup – Stjärnholm 1 523 6699 __GULD__ 28dBf
1701 100.0 Pop FM København – Gladsaxe 60 588 9206 _POP_FM_ 41dBf
1701 102.3 Radio 24syv København – Gladsaxe 60 588 9204 24syv___ 44dBf
1703 97.2 Radio 100 Glostrup – Ejby Mosevej 219 1 590 97.185 973F radio100 27dBf
1704 91.8 Nova Værløse – Klostergårdsvej 59 0.01 597 Nova jingle ID 22dBf [1st]
1707 106.9 myROCK Allerød-Lynge – Kærhøjgårdsvej 52 0.1 604 [1st]
1710 102.6 Guldkanalen Staffanstorp – Tirup 0.5 547 [1st]
1713 96.6 DR P3 Tolne – Jerupvej 610 10 812 //90.0 17dBf
1716 98.2 Radio Køge Køge – Stadion Vandtårnet 0.5 590 jingle ID 20dBf
1717 98.0 SR P3 Malmö – Jägersro TM 6 549 97.975 E203 SR_P3___ 38dBf
1735 101.7 Mix Megapol Ängelholm – Energigatan 1 0.25 602 jingle ID
1736 93.2 RIX FM unlisted E241 _RIX_FM_ 26dBf pol. V [1st]
1741 105.7 Radio ABC Langå – Hammelvej 138 A 4 757 9E11 ___ABC__ 30dBf
1748 101.6 Mix Megapol Västervik – Västra Berget LC 2 608 E243 22dBf
1800 105.0 SR P4 Böda – Fagerum/Löttorp 0.25 549 //100.2 [1st]
1803 93.9 NRJ Nybro – Lisabo 0.02 516 [1st]
1824 105.6 NRJ Västervik – Lunnargatan 1 609  
1825 102.7 SR P4 Västervik – Fårhult TM 60 608 E624 SR_P4___ 40dBf, over Ilawa
1829 106.8 SR P4 Mönsterås – Åserum 1:1 0.3 542 //100.2
1829 107.7 Mix Megapol Ronneby – Kallinge VT 0.1 498 E243 MEGAPOL_ 25dBf
1842 94.2 SR P2 Finnveden 30 644 94.170 E402 SR_P2___ 39dBf
1845 103.9 Höglandets Närradio Nässjö – Teracom mast Berg 0.5 649 25dBf
1848 105.6 NRJ Västervik – Fårhult TM 1 608 E220 NRJ_____ 22dBf
1925 106.5 RIX FM Norrköping – Borleja gård 3 698 20dBf [1st]
1930 100.1 Mix Megapol Örkeljunga – Skånes Fagerhult 0.5 582 E243 MEGAPOL_ 29dBf [1st]
1932 94.1 Örkelljunga Närradio Örkelljunga – Bjärabygget 3:24 0.5 588 23dBf [1st]
1934 98.9 Radio Hässleholm Hässleholm 0.3 566 24dBf
1935 99.8 Radio Båstad Torekov – Påarp Comviq mast 0.1 623 weak, ads [1st]
1946 98.0 NDR 1 NDS Torfhaus – Harz-West 100 635 D381 NDR1_NDS 35dBf
1949 100.4 MDR 1 Sachsen Hoyerswerda 30 397 D7C1 MDR_SACH 48dBf
2000 105.1 Mix Megapol Jönköping 5 674 [1st]
2001 100.8 SR P4 Jönköping 5 674 pol. V, 17dBf
2002 97.9 SR P3 Borås – Dalsjöfors-Häglared TM 10 712 pol. V, 21dBf
2003 94.6 SR P2 Borås – Dalsjöfors-Häglared TM 10 712 pol. V, 20dBf
2003 96.3 SR P2 Göteborg – Brudaremossen TM 60 749 pol. V, 19dBf
2004 91.6 SR P1 Jönköping 5 674 pol. V, 16dBf, no signal in H
2004 93.7 SR P2 Jönköping 5 674 pol. V, 15dBf
2006 99.4 SR P3 Göteborg – Brudaremossen TM 60 749 pol. V, 21dBf, no signal in H
2016 88.5 SR P1 Borås – Dalsjöfors-Häglared TM 10 712 pol. V
2020 95.9 LR 1 Kuldīga – Kaltiķi 10 504 9211 __LR-1__ 25dBf
2038 88.1 MDR S-A Wittenberg – Gallunberg 30 495 D7D1 MDR_S-AN 35dBf
2045 106.0 RIX FM Jönköping 5 674 E241 20dBf
2047 105.5 Mix Megapol Borås – Dalsjöfors-Häglared TM 1.9 722 //106.0 16dBf
2054 100.8 SR P4 Jönköping 5 674 E224 SR_P4___ pol. V 22dBf
2103 98.6 Ant. Brandenburg Cottbus – Calau 100 408 D531 Antenne_ 52dBf
2108 107.6 Radio Lausitz Löbau – Schafberg 30 385 14C1 _LAUSITZ 50dBf!
2109 103.2 RBB Fritz Cottbus – Calau 100 408 D333 _Fritz__ 57dBf
2109 103.0 DKultur Löbau – Schafberg 2 385 D220 DKULTUR_ 37dBf
2121 98.6 CRo Pardubice Ústí nad Orlicí – Andrlův Chlum 1 375 280C R-PCE___ 18dBf
2123 99.5 Evropa 2 Pardubice – Opatovice nad Labem II 1 388  
2213 102.9 KRONEHIT Semmering – Sonnwendstein 8 617 A3FF KRONEHIT 34dBf
2239 95.2 OOE Linz – Lichtenberg 100 609 37dBf, over local Eska Plock
2305 105.3 NDR Info Schwerin – Rohrmast 100 565 D384 NDR_Info 48dBf
2308 101.3 Antenne MV Schwerin – Rohrmast 100 565 D378 _Ant_MV_ 47dBf
2311 99.5 N-JOY Schwerin – Rohrmast 2 565 D385 _N-JOY__ 27dBf
2328 105.5 RIX FM Stockholm – Nacka TM 1 753 E241
2331 107.7 RIX FM Nyköping – Galgberget Telia RM 10 708 [1st]
2359 103.8 Antenne MV Helpterberg 100 424 D387 _Ant_MV_ 48dBf
0018 90.7 LR 1 Rīga – Zaķusala 35 557 9211 __LR-1__ 22dBf
0433 95.2 OOE Linz – Lichtenberg 100 609 A707 **OOE**_ 39dBf

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That was just a warm-up before the best propagation ever from Balkans and… Italy in next following days.

Read more:

August 2016: extreme VHF tropo (F, HRV, BIH, I) – part II

One thought on “August 2016: extreme VHF tropo (F, HRV, BIH, I) – part I

  1. Jak mnie ściskało w środku jak byłem we Włoszech i słyszałem o tej propagacji, sam nie mogąc w niej uczestniczyc :(

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